The text of and illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC-BY-SA"). An explanation of CC-BY-SA is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. In accordance with CC-BY-SA, if you distribute this document or an adaptation of it, you must provide the URL for the original version.
Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, JBoss, MetaMatrix, Fedora, the Infinity Logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries.
Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux minor releases are an aggregation of individual enhancement, security and bug fix errata. The Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 Release Notes documents the major changes made to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 operating system and its accompanying applications for this minor release. Detailed notes on all changes in this minor release are available in the Technical Notes.
Highlights of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 release include hardware enablement for the Intel Boxboro-EX platform, AMD Magny-Cours processor and IBM Power 7 processor. Virtualization is improved, with support for multiple 10 GigE SR-IOV cards, and automatic usage of hugepages for virtual guest memory when enabled on the system. Interoperability improvements include updates to OpenOffice for Microsoft Office 2007 filters, Samba for Windows 7 compatibility and boot support for virtual machines using Microsoft based PXE services.
1. Installation
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 introduces many bugfixes and enhancements to the system installer (anaconda).
The interactive installer has been enhanced, adding the abilty to specify additional Network File System (NFS) mount options when installing from an NFS source (BZ#493052). Additionally, install sources (e.g. kickstart files) located on password protected File Transport Protocol (FTP) servers can now be retrieved during installation (BZ#505424).
Kickstart
Kickstart provides a way for users to automate a Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation. Using kickstart, a system administrator can create a single file containing the answers to all the questions that would normally be asked during a typical installation.
Kickstart debugging and error reporting has been improved. The installer now retains kickstart scriptlets during debugging, logs standard output (stdout) and standard error (stderr) streams, and logs error messages to anaconda.log (BZ#510636).
Package groups can now be excluded in a kickstart installation in the same manner that individual packages are excluded (BZ#558516). Additionally, the bootloader command now supports the --hvargs parameter, allowing Xen hypervisor arguments to be specified during a kickstart installation (BZ#501438).
Previously, the kickstart installation method offered two options to select all packages @Everything and * (wildcard). As of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5, both of these options have been deprecated. Attempting to use a select all packages option will fail, unless the kickstart file also includes package negation for conflicting packages. Therefore, to install all packages but conflicting packages, the kickstart file must contain:
%packages
@Everything
-@Conflicts
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 includes the new package sets samba3x, freeradius2, postgres84. These package sets are only available via kickstart during system installation or through yum for existing systems.
Hardware Support
The following device drivers are now supported during installation:
the pmcraid driver for PMC Sierra MaxRAID Controller Adapters (BZ#532777)
the ibmvfs driver for Power6 Virtual FC devices (BZ#512237).
the bfa driver for Brocade Fibre Channel to PCIe Host Bus Adapters (BZ#475707)
the be2iscsi driver for ServerEngines BladeEngine 2 Open iSCSI devices (BZ#529442).
Note
For detailed information on installation, the Installation Guide documents how to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.
2. Virtualization
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 delivers many updates to virtualization. Detailed notes on all the changes to virtualization components are available in the Technical Notes.
Note
Management of KVM based virtual guests using Cluster Suite is now fully supported.
SPICE
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 includes components providing functionality for the Simple Protocol for Independent Computing Environments (SPICE) remote display protocol. These components, are for use in conjunction with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization products and are not guaranteed to have a stable ABI. The components will be updated to synchronize with functional requirements of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization products. Migration to future releases may require manual operations on a per-system basis.
PCI passthrough improvements
PCI passthrough allows PCI devices to appear and behave as if they were physically attached to the guest operating system. KVM and Xen hypervisors both support attaching PCI devices on the host system to virtualized guests.
The AMD input/output memory management unit (IOMMU) kernel driver, which assists in PCI passthrough, has been updated. This update fixes an issue where system management requests were handled incorrectly. (BZ#531469)
Support for PCI passthrough using Intel VT-d extensions on the KVM hypervisor has been improved. Devices (either physical or virtual) can now be shutdown and unassigned from a guest during runtime, allowing the device to be reassigned to another guest. This reassignment can also be carried out live (BZ#516811). Additionally, 1:1 mapping performance has been improved (BZ#518103).
Note
For detailed information on virtualization, the Virtualization Guide is the definitive guide for virtualization on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
HugePages Support
New rules are available in libvirt to enable hugetlbfs (HugePages). When a system is configured with Hugepages, libvirt automatically allocates memory from hugetlbfs to back the virtual guest memory. When combined with extended page tables and nested page tables in hardware, significant performance improvements can be achieved by the guest. (BZ#518099)
3. Kernel
3.1. Kernel Platform Enablement
This release introduces support for Intel's new platforms, code-named Boxboro-EX and Boxboro-MC, AMD's new processor family, code-named Magny-Cours and IBM's Power7 processor.
3.2. Kernel Generic Features
Detecting kernel tasks stuck in the uninterruptible sleep state
In some circumstances, tasks in the kernel may permanently enter the uninterruptible sleep state (D-State), making the system impossible to shut down. With this update, the Detect Hung Task kernel thread has been added, providing the ability to detect tasks permanently stuck in the D-State.
This new feature is controlled by the CONFIG_DETECT_HUNG_TASK kernel flag. When set to "y" tasks stuck in the D-State are detected; when set to n it is off. The default value for the CONFIG_DETECT_HUNG_TASK flag is y.
Additionally, the CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC flag has been added. When set to y, a kernel panic is triggered when a task stuck in the D-State is detected. The default value for the CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC flag is n.
the hpilo driver for HP iLO/iLO2 management processors has been updated.
The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) has been updated — providing enhanced support for High Definition Audio (HDA). (BZ#525390).
the i2c device driver for the iic-bus interface has been updated with support for the SB900 SMBus controller. (BZ#516623)
the mlx4 driver for Mellanox ConnectX HCA InfiniBand devices has been updated to version 1.4.1 (BZ#514147BZ#500346)
4.1. Network Device Drivers
Wireless Rebase
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 contains a major updates to wireless drivers and subsystems in the kernel.
The iwlwifi drivers for Intel wireless network adapters have been updated. Devices in this hardware line support 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n wireless protocols. This update provides new support for iwl6000 and iwl1000 devices, and enhanced support for iwl5000, iwl4965 and iwl3945 devices.
The rt2x00 drivers for wireless devices has been updated. This update refreshes the drivers for the Ralink rt2400pci, rt2500pci, rt2500usb, rt61pciand rt73usb chipsets, and the drivers for the rtl8180 and rtl8187 Realtek chipsets.
The ath9k driver for Atheros 802.11n wireless LAN adapters has been enabled.
To support the features of these drivers, the mac80211 and cfg80211 kernel subsystems have been updated.
Solarflare driver
In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5, the Solarflare driver (sfc) has been added (BZ#448856)
Neterion's X3100 Series 10GbE PCIe driver
The vxge driver for Neterion's X3100 Series 10GbE PCIe devices has been updated (BZ#453683).
ServerEngines BladeEngine2 10Gbps driver
the be2net driver for ServerEngines BladeEngine2 10Gbps network devices has been updated (BZ#549460)
Cisco 10G Ethernet Driver
the enic driver for Cisco 10G Ethernet devices has been updated to version 1.1.0.100. (BZ#519086BZ#550148)
QLogic 10 Gigabit PCI-E Ethernet Driver
the qlge driver for QLogic 10 Gigabit PCI-E ethernet devices has been updated to version 1.00.00.23. (BZ#519453)
QLogic Fibre Channel HBA Driver
The qla2xx driver for QLogic Fibre Channel HBA devices has been updated. (BZ#542834BZ#543057)
Broadcom Tigon3 ethernet devices
the tg3 driver for Broadcom Tigon3 ethernet devices has been updated. (BZ#515312)
Intel Gigabit Ethernet Network Devices
the igb driver for Intel Gigabit Ethernet Network devices has been updated. (BZ#513710)
The e1000 driver for Intel PRO/1000 network devices has been updated (BZ#515524)
NetXen Multi port (1/10) Gigabit Network Devices
The netxen driver for NetXen Multi port (1/10) Gigabit Network devices has been updated. (BZ#542746)
Broadcom Everest network devices
The bnx2x driver for Broadcom Everest network devices has been updated to version 1.52.1-5.(BZ#515716, BZ#522600)
Broadcom NetXtreme II network devices
The bnx2 driver for Broadcom NetXtreme II network devices has been updated to version 2.0.2(BZ#517377)
Broadcom NetXtreme II iSCSI
The bnx2i driver for Broadcom NetXtreme II iSCSI has been updated. (BZ#516233)
RealTek 8169 ethernet driver
the r8169 driver for RealTek 8169 ethernet devices has been updated. (BZ#514589)
4.2. Storage Device Drivers
QLogic Fibre Channel Host Bus
the qla2xxx driver for QLogic Fibre Channel Host Bus Adapters has been updated to version 8.03.01.02.05.05-k (BZ#519447)
HighPoint RocketRAID 3xxx/4xxx
The hptiop driver for HighPoint RocketRAID 3xxx/4xxx controllers has been updated, adding support for RR44xx adapters. (BZ#519076)
Emulex Fibre Channel Host Bus
The lpfc driver for Emulex Fibre Channel Host Bus Adapters has been updated to version 8.2.0.52. (BZ#515272)BZ#549763
LSI SAS-2 family of adapters
The mpt2sas driver that supports the SAS-2 family of adapters from LSI has been updated to version 02.101.00.00. This update fixes many issues, most notably:
Sanity checks have been added when volumes are added and removed, ignoring events for foreign volumes.
driver is now legacy I/O port free
An issue that may have resulted in a kernel oops at hibernation or resume has been fixed.
LSI Fusion MPT
The mptque base driver for devices using LSI Fusion MPT firmware has been updated to version 3.4.13rh. This update fixes many issues, most notably:
The serial attached SCSI (SAS) topology scan has been restructured, adding expander, link status and host bus adapter (HBA) events.
Intermittent issues caused by SAS cable removal and reinsertion have been fixed.
An issue where SATA devices received different SAS addresses has been fixed.
The device firmware now reports the queue full event to the driver and the driver handles the queue full event using the SCSI mid-layer.
LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers
The megaraid_sas driver for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers has been updated to version 4.17-RH1. This update fixes many issues, most notably:
An issue during firmware boot and initialization has been fixed.
An issue that resulted in devices hanging during hibernation has been fixed.
The driver now auto updates the device when added or deleted.
MegaRAID SAS driver is now legacy I/O port free
5. Filesystem/Storage Management
Improved CFQ I/O scheduler performance
Some applications (e.g. dump and nfsd) try to improve disk I/O performance by distributing I/O requests to multiple processes or threads. However, when using the Completely Fair Queuing (CFQ) I/O scheduler, this application design negatively affected I/O performance. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5, the kernel can now detect and merge cooperating queues. Additionally, the kernel can also detect if the queues stop cooperating, and split them apart again.
New GFS2 mount option
This update introduces GFS2 support for the errors= mount command line option, which may assist in troubleshooting. The default option, errors=withdraw results in the filesystem attempting to withdraw from the cluster if an I/O error or metadata error is encountered. The alternative, errors=panic results in a panic in the same situation. (BZ#518106)
CIFS Update
The Common Internet File System (CIFS) has been updated in the kernel. (BZ#500838)
6. Tools
6.1. GNU Project debugger (GDB)
The GNU Project debugger (normally referred to as GDB) debugs programs written in C, C++, and other languages by executing them in a controlled fashion, and then printing out their data.
In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5, GDB has been updated to version 7.0.1. For a detailed listing of changes refer to the GDB section of the Technical Notes.
Enhanced C++ support
Support for the C++ programming language in GDB has been improved. Notable improvements include:
Many improvements to expression parsing.
Better handling of type names.
The need for extraneous quoting has nearly been eliminated
"next" and other stepping commands work properly even when the inferior throws an exception.
GDB has a new "catch syscall" command. This can be used to stop the inferior whenever it makes a system call.
Wide and multi-byte character support
GDB now has support for wide and multi-byte characters on the target.
Independent thread debugging
Thread execution now permits debugging threads individually and independently of each other; enabled by new settings "set target-async" and "set non-stop".
6.2. SystemTap
SystemTap is a tracing and probing tool that allows users to study and monitor the activities of the operating system (particularly, the kernel) in fine detail. It provides information similar to the output of tools like netstat, ps, top, and iostat; however, SystemTap is designed to provide more filtering and analysis options for collected information.
New Kernel Tracepoints
Tracepoints are placed in important sections of the kernel, allowing system administrators to analyze the performance of, and debug portions of code. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5, a wide range of tracepoints have been added to the kernel (BZ#475710), including tracepoints for networking (BZ#475457), coredump (BZ#517115) and signal (BZ#517121).
Note
A list of tracepoints available in the kernel can be obtained with:
stap -L 'kernel.trace("*")'|sort
Unprivileged mode
Previously, only users with root privileges were able to use SystemTap. This update introduces SystemTap's unprivileged mode, allowing non-root users to still use SystemTap. Detailed information on unprivileged man stap-client manpage.
Important
Unprivileged mode is considered a Technology Preview in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5. The stap-server facility on which it relies is undergoing work for security improvements and should be deployed with care on a trustworthy network.
C++ Probing
The C++ program probing improvements also allows better probing of user-space programs.
6.3. Valgrind
Valgrind is used to monitor memory read, write, and allocation operations. The valgrind tool is frequently used by developers to diagnose and debug memory management problems.
Valgrind has been updated to version 3.5.0, providing enhanced support for a wide range of system architectures. This update introduces many improvements to performance, scalability and usability of the Valgrind. Notably, the usability and scalability of the Helgrind tool — which is used to detect race contiditions — has been improved. The leak checking capabilities of the Memcheck tool are also improved. Additionally, support for DWARF debugging information has been enhanced.
7. Desktop Updates
OpenOffice.org
OpenOffice.org is an Open Source, multi-platform office productivity suite. It includes key desktop applications, such as a word processor, spreadsheet, and presentation manager. OpenOffice.org has been updated, providing many bugfixes and enhancements, including support for Microsoft Office 2007 OOXML formats.
Metacity
Metacity, the default window manager for the GNOME desktop has been updated, providing enhancements, additional GConf keys to control the the behavior of metacity and bug fixes.
8. New Packages
FreeRADIUS
FreeRADIUS is a high-performance, highly configurable, free Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) server. It is designed to allow centralized authentication and authorization for a network.
FreeRADIUS 2.0 is available as a new package (freeradius2) in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5. FreeRADIUS 1 is still available in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 in the original freeradius package. Version 2.0 of FreeRADIUS introduces many new features including the programming language unlang, virtual server support., additional directories for improved RFC coverage and full IPv6 support for both attributes & network packets.
Important
The freeradius and freeradius2 packages share common files, and cannot be installed together on the same system.
PostgreSQL 8.4
PostgreSQL 8.4 (postgresql84) is now included as a fully supported option in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. New features in PostgreSQL 8.4 include: parallel database restore, per-column permissions and new monitoring tools.
Important
A data dump and restore using pg_dump is required for migration from the existing PostgreSQL 8.1 (supplied by the postgres package). Due to this requirement, postgres and postgresql84 contain package level conflicts and only a single version can be installed on a system.
Samba
Samba is a suite of programs used by machines to share files, printers, and other information.
The Samba3x package set was originally introduced in the x86_64 Supplementary for the 5.4 release. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5, Samba3x has been updated and is now supported on all architectures. Samba3x includes support for Microsoft® Windows™ 7 interoperability.
Important
Clustered Samba support is still a Technology Preview and only available on the x86_64 architecture.
Samba3x is based on the upstream Samba 3.3 release and includes the following changes in the configuration file options:
Parameter
Description
Default
cups connection timeout
New
30
idmap config DOM:range
Removed
idmap domains
Removed
init logon delayed hosts
New
""
init logon delay
New
100
ldap ssl
Changed Default
start tls
share modes
Deprecated
winbind reconnect delay
New
30
The samba source component has been refactored to generate a libsmbclient package. The libsmbclient is included into both samba and samba3x packages to provide client interfaces to other components in the environment.
Important
All previous samba3x Technology Preview packages must be removed before installing the supported version of Samba3x.
gPXE
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 introduces the new gPXE package, an open source Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE) implementation. gPXE provides the ability to boot installation images via a network connection.
